Academic Definition and History of Emotional Intelligence Free Essays

string(104) to peruse others and gaining some outer confirmation of this capacity to have the option to ticket tune it. In 1985 Wayne Leon Payne, so a former student understudy at a substitute expansive humanistic controls school in the USA, composed a doctorial proposal which incorporated the term â€Å" passionate knowledge † in the rubric. This is by all accounts the main scholarly utilization of the term â€Å" enthusiastic knowledge. † In following five mature ages, no 1 else appears to hold utilized the term â€Å" enthusiastic insight † in any scholarly archives. We will compose a custom article test on Scholastic Definition and History of Emotional Intelligence or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now At that point in 1990 crafted by two American college educators, John Mayer and Peter Salovey, was distributed in two scholastic journal articles. Mayer, ( U. of New Hampshire ) , and Salovey ( Yale ) , were looking to build up a way of logically mensurating the distinction between individuals ‘s capacity in the nation of feelings. They found that a few people were better than others at things like putting their ain sentiments, setting the sentiments of others, and maintain trip sources of income influencing intense subject matters. The rubric of one of these reports was named â€Å" Emotional Intelligence † . Since 1990 these teachers have created two preliminaries to attempt to mensurate what they are naming our â€Å" enthusiastic insight. † Because pretty much the entirety of their creation has been done in the scholastic network, their names and their existent research discoveries are non generally known. On the other hand, the individual most ordinarily connected with the term passionate insight is actually a New York creator and counselor named Daniel Goleman. In 1995 Goleman ‘s book came out under the rubric â€Å" Emotional Intelligence. † The book made it to the screen of Time Magazine in the USA and Goleman started looking on American broadcasting shows, for example, Oprah Winfrey and Phil Donahue. He other than started a talking circuit to propel the book and the book turned into a worldwide best advertiser. It stayed on the New York Times smash hit list for around one twelvemonth. In the book he gathered, and as often as possible sensationalized, a cluster of data on the encephalon, feelings, and conduct. On the Daniel Goleman page you can see notes and troublesome decisions of the book. One thing Goleman has been scrutinized for is beliing what Salovey and Mayer implied by the term â€Å" passionate knowledge † . Annie Paul says Goleman â€Å" contorted their hypothetical record in upseting ways. † John Mayer has been cited as expressing â€Å" Goleman has expanded the meaning of enthusiastic knowledge to such a degree, that it no longer has any logical hugeness or open help company and is not, at this point an away from of result. Highlights of Emotional Intelligence Daniel Goleman, an American clinician, built up a model of five components that characterize enthusiastic knowledge: Mindfulness: Peoples with high passionate knowledge are regularly extremely unsure. They comprehend their feelings, and along these lines, they do n’t permit their sentiments administer them. They ‘re sure †in light of the fact that they trust their instinct and do n’t permit their feelings gain out of power. They ‘re other than ready to take a fair articulation at themselves. They know their qualities and failings, and they take a shot at these nations so they can execute better. Numerous individuals accept that this mindfulness is the vast majority of import bit of enthusiastic insight. Self-Regulation: This is the capacity to order feelings and desires. People groups who self-manage commonly do n’t let themselves to go exorbitantly irate or avaricious, and they do n’t do unprompted, thoughtless conclusions. They think before they act. Highlights of self-guideline are attentiveness, comfort with adjustment, solidarity, and the capacity to express no. Inspiration: Peoples with a high evaluation of passionate knowledge are regularly persuaded. They ‘re ready to delay quick ramifications for since quite a while ago run achievement. They ‘re amazingly profitable, love a test, and are extremely adequate in whatever they do. Sympathy: This is perhaps the second-a large portion of import segment of passionate insight. Compassion is the capacity to put with and comprehend the needs, requests, and purpose of perspectives on people around you. People groups with sympathy are acceptable at recognizing the sentiments of others, in any event, when those emotions may non be self-evident. As a result, empathic individuals are typically five star at pull offing connections, hearing, and partner to other people. They abstain from categorizing and judging unreasonably quickly, and they live their lives in a truly loosened, fair way. Social Skills: It ‘s regularly simple to address and like individuals with great cultural achievements, another characteristic of high enthusiastic insight. Those with solid cultural achievements are commonly group members. As opposed to focus on their ain achievement preeminent, they help other people create and reflect. They can pull off contrasts, are top of the line communicators, and are Masterss at building and keeping connections. Need of enthusiastic knowledge It proposes that the balance for enthusiastic knowledge is mindfulness. This arrangements with how individuals see, evaluate and show their ain feelings. What's more, how they use feelings to ease and organize thought, utilizing the feelings to help in conclusion ( using the data that feelings give ) . In the workshop, we took a gander at naming and distributing their feelings to various pieces of their natural structures, for representation individual said they got ‘butterflies in their stomach ‘ before they did an introduction. Other regular feelings which have become related with parts of the natural structure remember a profundity for the chest, a ball in the pharynx and a load on the shoulders. Bing ready to isolate between these a wide range of feelings and emotions is a necessity for different nations of EI. The second interest is self heading which is about how individuals control their feelings rather than being at their impulse †using emotions as a ‘resource ‘ . What's more, we did a short practicing using NLP ‘s asset securing to demo how members could use a passionate region they had involvement with one setting and use it in another where it would be more utile than the area they typically experienced here. I think I figured out how to change over them this is a ‘tool ‘ non a ‘trick ‘ , and like some other instruments is n’t fundamentally positive or negative yet can be utile. The third is cultural cognizance †being fixed on others ‘ feelings, and the authoritative clime. They key here is tied in with having the option to peruse others and getting some outer confirmation of this capacity to have the option to ticket tune it. You read Scholastic Definition and History of Emotional Intelligence in class Exposition models We utilized a duo of extraordinary preliminaries which are unreservedly accessible in the internet: Simon Baron Cohen ‘s Reading the Mind in the Eyes test, and Paul Ekman ‘s Subtle Expression Training Tool and Micro Expression Training Tool. Fourth comes cultural achievements, things like ‘visionary driving, impact, creating others, conveying, change contact activity, battle course, developing bonds, cooperation and coaction. Be that as it may, extremely except if individuals have great personality cognizance, self bearing and cultural awareness, these cultural achievements are far-fetched to hold a lot of effect. Perhaps the ground CEOs value decrease cultural achievements is that they do n’t see them bettering †and potentially the ground for this is organizations have put unnecessarily much point of convergence on cultural achievements themselves, and non bounty on the other supporting capacities. Proportionate at work Foremans and pioneers, in curious, need high EQ since they speak to the association to the masses, they collaborate with the most elevated figure of individuals inside and outside the association and they set the pace for representative spirit, says Goleman. Initiatives with sympathy can comprehend their workers? requests and flexibly them with helpful input, he says. Various occupations other than call for various kinds of passionate knowledge, Goleman says. For delineation, accomplishment in net incomes requires the compassionate capacity to appraise a customer? s temper and the relational achievement to make up one’s brain when to flip a product and when to look after calm. By contrasting, accomplishment in painting or expert tennis requires an increasingly single signifier of self-control and rationale. What's more, there are sexual orientation contrasts in enthusiastic knowledge each piece great, says Stein. In the wake of administrating EQ examinations to 4,500 work powers and 3,200 grown-up females, his association found that grown-up females score higher than work powers on steps of sympathy and cultural obligation, however work powers beat grown-up females on accentuation resistance and confirmation steps. As such, says Stein, grown-up females and work powers are just as astute inwardly, however they? re solid in various nations. Significance of Emotional Intelligence Regardless of whether we like it or non, our feelings are part of what makes us human and they follow and impact us any place we go †and that implies they tail us to work. Powerful course of enthusiastic knowledge is a solid forecaster of accomplishment in both our own life and in the workplace. Research shows that the progression of one ‘s enthusiastic knowledge, much of the time alluded to as passionate remainder ( EQ ) , is twice all of import as customary driving achievements for occupation open introduction in course puts. Those with high enthusiastic intell

International Employment Relation Employment System

Question: Portray about the International Employment Relation for Employment System. Answer: about the subject The goal of the examination is to feature the key variables, which will concentrate on the viability of the representative relationship in the chose nation China. The task will concentrate on seven significant inquiry, which will address various types of difficulties, just as contentions, which the administration of the China faces towards building solid business relationship in the nation. The job of the worker connection contributes as one of the most critical effects in the nations business framework. China is one of the differently populated nations over the world with a populace of 1.3 billion. The job of the legislature considered as one of the most huge part towards contributing a positive work opportunity in the nation (Li Freeman, 2015). A portion of the key inquiries, which are recognized in the examination, are the law, which administers the worker connection in the nation, adequacy of the administration, qualities and shortcoming of the approaches and about the proof and contentions of the law. So as to assess all the variables, this specific inquiry is posed in the task. what are the laws that administers the business connection in China? The job of China contributes a critical part in the time of globalization. With a populace around 1.36 billion, China is the universes biggest and most crowded nation over the world. In light of the most recent measurable report, China has become the biggest economy over the world in the year 2014. The law and the agreement law in China give various essentials of commitment and different privileges of the businesses and the representatives in the relationship of work in china (Chang Brown, 2013). There are a few areas of the work law in China. The job of article 17 of the work law in china contributes as one of the most urgent parts in the general procedures of the Chinese economy. The job of the work showcase contributes as one of the most significant parts in China. Due to the effectively accessibility of the work at a truly sensible rate larger parts of the worldwide organizations makes direct interest in China. The business and the representative are legitimately answerable for v arious types of IR choices. A definitive target of the representative connection in china is to lessen the job of the outsider intercession and to control all the workers in the in an appropriate heading by observing all the guidelines and guidelines in the given way (Lee, Brown Wen, 2016). There are sure working environment understandings made between the business and the representatives in a successful way. The changes of china in the late 1970s is considered as one of the most significant as one of the most just as the vital part in the general improvement process. There are three fundamental characterizations of the work relationship in china, which incorporates work contract, gliding pay and, the executives commitment are the three significant parts in the representative connection in china (Chang Cooke 2015). In any case, in the year 2008, there are sure work rules and guidelines, which fused in the start of the third time frame on which the legislature has looked for the work showcase. The administration of China has embraced two significant strides during the time spent receiving the business connection in the nation. what are rules and guidelines uphold by the administration so as to apply this law? There are various focuses, which need to break down in an appropriate way towards exhibiting the general target rules and guidelines, which are upheld by the legislature since the year 1980. In the year 1980, the work law created by the legislature has given one of the significant achievements. In the year 2007, the legislature of China expanded its administrative exercises and passed three significant work related law, which was authorized, in the year 2008 and in particular followed all the significant constituents of the changes of China. The business work law and guidelines give a lawful system inside the business relationship represented and work markets managed in the correct example. The essential goal of the work laws and guidelines is to give a lawful system inside the business connections, which are administered in general the work markets directed by following a portion of the fundamental standards (Cooke, 2016). In any case, moreover it is one of the most contended point that business connection are focused on principally at those proper work segment, which will finish up about the necessities of the work segment in China overall. There is a significance of the national banner of China. The red shading speaks to the socialist country, which is trailed by five stars, which speaks to the regular workers. Mechanical relations begins from the reason that in modern culture, where there partition of the proprietors (Friedman, 2012). The essential focal point of the modern relations is to set a legitimate cost between the laborers and the workers, which empowers the institutional and condition changes. In the year 2007, the administration of China has expanded its authoritative exercises and passed three significant business related law in the year 2008, which was a much discussed work contract law. In the year 2011, the social approach of security was empowered in a more extensive way (Hui Chan, 2015). These work laws and guidelines give a legitimate structure inside which the general business relationship are administered and the work markets are controlled by adhering to all the critical principles and guidelines fused by the administration premise on the circumstance. what are the arrangements of the administration of China regarding the business laws? Business has an imperative part on people groups vocation in the nation. It is the central standard of greater part of the nations with fundamental methodology for individuals towards improving the business of the individuals. China has a populace of about 1.3 billion and this specific region is considered as one of the most crowded nation on the planet. There are sure difficulties just as issues looked by the legislature of China so as to illuminate the worker issues of 1.3 billion individuals in the region (King-Chi Chan Sio-leng Hui, 2012). The legislature of China has distinguished all the significance factors, which will cause what are the various types of difficulties and issues looked by the administration, so as to build up a legitimate business opportunity in the nation (King-Chi Chan Sio-leng Hui, 2012). The legislature effectively secured the work law so as to address the issues for business. In light of the constitution on the Chinese government the significance of the is sue of work is featured in a legitimate way, which will distinguish the general adequacy of the business framework in the nation. There are a few proactive components, which the administration of China received inside so as to unravel the general assessment procedure of the work connection in China. As the thought of the populace is one of the key, factors in the nation which the administration need to embrace certain various plans and techniques so as to execute all the discoveries in an appropriate way (Lee, Brown Wen, 2016). The two strategies, which the administration has embraced, are the fundamental work circumstance and profitable business arrangement. The characterization of these two specific arrangements done by the legislature dependent on the interest of the circumstance of the nation. The legislature has made a splendid showing towards receiving a legitimate circumstance investigation of the nation and has embraced the right measures so as to take care of the general issue of the business framework in China (Li Freeman, 2015). Does the strategy changes the in general the business connection in China. In view of the circumstance investigation of the nation the administration of China has embraced certain measures, which will finish up the accompanying realities about making a legitimate circumstance, which will make business opportunity in the nation. At present, China is the nation with differing economy. The administration firmly puts stock during the time spent building up the work arrangement of the nation by building up the economy. So as to diminish the joblessness rate and to build the work rate the administration has expanded the opening for work as one of its standard full scale targets (Liu Li, 2014). The standards and guidelines of the Chinese government have given a wide structure in the general procedures of the work framework in the business arrangement of the nation. One of the key approaches, which the Chinese government creates, is the work showcase adaptability. It is one of the essential motivation behind why the legislature of China become particularly effective towards plentiful business chances to the world has most differently populated countries. There is diverse Multination organizations, which chooses China as one of the most significant assembling center over the world (Lyddon, Meng Lu, 2015). With the utilization of this specific thought, the administration of China had the option to give abundant opening for work to most of the populace by remembering the possibility of the work advertise adaptability. Anyway separated for various types of government activities there are sure non government activities which diverse work offices acts so as to assess the all the changes of the joblessness framework (Hui Chan, 2015). The ascent of various types of work offices there has been a huge effect in the ascent of the business openings in the nation. In any case, the larger parts of the activity offices in the nation had been set under the fo llow up of the nearby government so as to give new institutional changes under the enactments of the work relations (McDermott, Jinyue Sun Obar, 2010). This noteworthy development of the business opportunity was a reaction towards scaling down in the state segment, which result

Female Rage Romance

Female Rage Romance I would say that my romance reading has encompassed about a little over a decade of my life. And measuring that amount of time admittedly makes me feel older than my twenty-seven years. Recently, I read, loved, and re-read A Promise of Fire by Amanda Bouchet. I’ve been gushing about it nearly everywhere and it’s my favorite book so far of 2016. I’m willing to say that once this year ends, it’ll still be the best book I’ve read. After re-reading it, I’ve been trying to figure out what about the book I loved so much. Sure, it has a great blend of fantasy and romance. The elements of Greek mythology were a siren’s song to my nerdy heart. The pacing was fantastic and Bouchet does a terrific job of giving you these little mysterious slips of details to keep you wanting more. But I think I’ve narrowed it down why A Promise of Fire knocked my socks off. The heroine. More specifically, the heroine’s anger. For some spoiler-free background about A Promise of Fire’s heroine, Cat, she has a traumatic past she’s hiding from. She’s also a Kingmaker, a being born every few hundred years who has the innate ability to tell whether or not someone is lying. She can also use magic. You can understand why 1) she’s a badass and 2) why someone would want to use her for their own gain. Cat has a toxic relationship with her family. She was raised to be brutal, lethal. Any sign of attachment or affection would be met with abuse because that signaled weakness. She’s tired of seeing the things she loves, the people she cares about tortured or worse, killed. She’s bitter and resentful, but she knows that the easiest way out is to escape rather than fight the societal norms in the kingdom where she was raised. It’s a tall order. When readers first meet Cat, she’s been on her own for years now and in her early-twenties. She’s independent and fierce. Frankly, she’s a bit of a badass. But man, does she let her anger get the best of her and I loved every second of it because she wasn’t some paragon of virtue. Her morals were grey at times. Her motives selfish. I can’t remember reading a more complex and flawed heroine. I’m not saying heroines in romance are flawless individuals, but I rarely see them so conflicted and so full of rage. Their issues could be insecurities, trying to get over a past trauma, or dealing with new environments and new experiences. Sometimes, they’re shy. Sometimes, they’re brash. Heroines come in all shapes and sizes with a wide variety of motivations, though I’ve rarely read a heroine who has been borderline vicious. Cat isn’t necessarily motivated by revenge at first, but as she makes friends and falls in love, she realizes that she can’t fight her origins forever. She’ll need to fight. And fight she does. Cat literally melts faces and burns the arms off of people unwilling to her her cause. It’s a jarring thing to read because you’re supposed to root for the heroine. She has to be someone readers respect or at least like. I can’t remember the amount of books I’ve read where it’s hard to muster up enough energy to care about the either of the main characters because they’re either too boring or they’re just so awful and rage-inducing that you could care less about them getting a happily ever after. (Reminder: life is too short to finish bad books.) But it’s also jarring because women aren’t supposed to be angry. We’re supposed to smile. We’re supposed to be agreeable. A woman’s anger makes people uncomfortable. The Huffington Post reported on a study done by researchers at both the University of Arizona and the University of Illinois at Chicago on how people perceive anger from men and from women. A mock-jury scenario was created with the research subjects where they had to debate the outcome of a murder trial. In different scenarios, a dissenting juror would either be a man or a woman. In the case of a woman, if she used anger, the other jurors were less likely to be influenced by her point of view. In fact, the other jurors became more sure of their convictions in sentencing. If it was a male juror expressing the same anger and indignation, jurors were more likely to question their own decisions rather than challenge the male juror’s. In the case of this particular study, a woman’s anger reduced her credibility when making her point. Psychology Today has some additional information about the study if you’re curious, though maybe have a soothing drink at hand. Like some calming tea or a strong shot of whiskey. Your choice. Anger is completely normal. Everyone experiences from time to time, so why is it only acceptable for men to express said anger? And also, think of how much havoc all of that repressed anger can cause on a person? Having to keep Cat’s level of grief and hurt and mistrust at how she was raise and treated would be enough to drive anyone crazy. But she often wars with herself at how she expresses her anger. If she explodes, will her newfound lover view her differently? Will her friends fear her, wary of any next outburst? Or will they diminish her emotions, thinking she’s overreacting? And when her anger does get the best of her, how badly will she lose it? Will she become like those monsters who taught her to embrace hate over love? Will her anger be something that consumes her? I will say that none of these questions are answered in A Promise of Fire. Cat’s past and its affect on the future is still being unraveled; the next book isn’t out until January 2017. Female rage is something that tends to be prevalent in other genres, namely mystery/thriller. With the popularity of Gone Girl, we’ve had a slew of other books with female protagonists subverting the victim role in thrillers. And granted, many authors are playing with typical tropes in romance, though why is the angry, scorned heroine exiled to a plot where there’s a crime needing to be solved? I truly think that A Promise of Fire, right now, is in a league of its own. Not only does the heroine have to learn to live with her anger and how to express it, but she’s also the character that needs the most healing. A majority of the time in romances, we see the broken, tortured hero with a chip on his shoulder, a man thinking himself not worthy of love because of some past deeds. Here, Cat steps into that role. She’s done things she’s not proud of, whether because of her misguided and traumatic upbringing or because she’s feeling threatened (see earlier face melting comments). Physically, she’s extremely powerful and it paints an amazing parallel to anger because a woman’s anger (and any anger really) is an incredibly powerful emotion to both feel and express. While I love the romance genre (it’s most of what I read), I often feel torn in its advocacy. On one hand, romance has some really great progressive morals like sexual liberation. Many romance novels are about women becoming comfortable with their bodies and with sex in particular. But on the opposite side, there’s still this very conventional and oftentimes regressive way of viewing women, that their happiness or self-confidence or self-discovery is usually at the hands of a man. It’s through his love that she begins to value herself. There’s also the concept of minimization. In our daily lives, women struggle with feeling minimized. Manspreading on the subway has our body contorting and folding in on itself. Our emotions have to be tempered and even-keeled, lest we’re labeled unhinged or crazy. Our facades have to pleasant, always smiling. And sometimes, I feel that often a heroine’s presence in romance or her role is for the benefit of the hero, rather than the other way around. The hero is the tortured one. The hero is the baggage. The hero insists that he’ll never love again. All things tough and ugly and difficult and traumatic (with the exception of rape, but rape and sexual assault as a common backstory are a topic for another day), are attributed to the hero. And frankly, that’s bullshit. Women go through the same emotions as men, the only catch is the stigma related to expressing those emotions, whichâ€"let me tell youâ€"can lead to some pretty expensive therapy bills. Meanwhile and especially in historically-set romances, there’s such an emphasis on purity and virginity. One sexual encounter will give way to your soulmate because god forbid a heroine finds out what sort of sex stuff she likes before she meets the hero. Heroines are the healers of the battered and broken hero, they’re the soft touch he needs to realize he’s worthy of love. I think one of the main reasons why the onus of ugliness, shall we say, is placed on the hero, is that a heroine has to be likable. Too often I read reviews where the heroine is too “bitchy” or “bossy.” Some readers prefer not to pick a romance where the heroine references past sexual partners or if there’s someone else successfully vying for the heroine’s attention apart from the hero. It’s hard to be a romance heroine with all the boxes the have to be ticked. And it’s entirely possible that through internalization, we’re conditioned to see angry, vengeful heroines as discomfiting rather than brave. Not intentionally, of course, but even on a personal level, I know I have a hard time expressing my anger or discomfort. But with fiction, authors can do anything. There’s no sense not to have a heroine who embraces her darker side, who isn’t worried about giving people a piece of her mind, who isn’t afraid to harness her anger as part of her journey for self-fulfillment. Romance definitely has an issue with representation. Obviously, there’s a diversity problem in romance, but there are few stories where I feel modern, contemporary women are represented. Or at least heroines who reflect my own thoughts and emotions. Heroines who deal with crippling depression or who are prone to bursts of angry tears, women who have every reason to cry and scream. At the end of an incredible essay in the New York Times entitled “Who Gets to Be Angry?”, Roxane Gay says: But anger is not an inherently bad thing. Most of the time, it is a normal and even healthy human emotion. Anger allows us to express dissatisfaction. It allows us to say something is wrong. The challenge is knowing the difference between useful anger, the kind that can stir revolutions, and the useless kind that can tear us down. And I think revolutions can be big or small. Both, in Cat’s case. She has the chance to tear down or lift up kingdoms with her abilities, especially if they get the best of her. But she also needs to come to terms with the war raging inside her. We all do, quite frankly. And I think the more we see heroines who struggle with those same less than ideal emotions that actual people struggle with, it might be easier for readers to feel that same acceptance within themselves. I know I can’t be the only one who wants more take-no-prisoners heroines who need to deal with their own demons. Granted, A Promise of Fire was dark at times and pretty full of violence (often at the hands of the heroine), but I think we’ve all experienced a bit of darkness in our lives and from romance, I want more heroines dealing with that darkness that anger, that depression, that need to escape that monstrous things that we could become. Because honestly, what’s more deserving of a happy ending. Also as a note, for some great further reading on the subject, check out Broadly’s “History of Female Anger.” Sign up for Kissing Books to receive  news, book recommendations, and more for residents of Romancelandia. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

How African American Police Officers Are Socialized

In order to impose control on their employees, â€Å" administrators are socialized by the organizations they work in and adopt behaviors and preferences that are consistent with organizational goals, thereby minimizing the influence of their own personal values on bureaucratic behavior† (656 Wilkins williams). According to Wilkins and Williams, police are an oddity, in that they have an innate culture that pushes them away from the social norms they are used to. This article for example, is all about how African American police officers are socialized from â€Å"Black to Blue†. What this means is that the socialization of most police departments is so strong, that police officers can lose their prior identity. The overarching and powerful socialization begins as cadets, and continues over the course of their career. It becomes strong enough that it essentially replaces their existing set of norm, and replace them with the police’s. One must also take into account not just the socialization process, but also the subculture that can be present within police departments. These do vary on a department, to department basis. Some of these types include Ceremonial crime-fighting commandos, and anti-military social workers. Ceremonial crime fighting commandos have a â€Å"strong emphasis on rules and procedures; obedience to the police system; cohesive, interdependent task organization; and authoritarian management â€Å" ( Jermier Et Al 183). What this means is that they most closely align withShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling: Individual Prejudice or Organizational Protocol?1626 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the reconstruction of the South, the first sense of racial profiling began with â€Å"Black Codes†. â€Å"Black Codes† were created to maintain a new form of slavery. These â€Å"codes† made it punishable by imprisonment and indentured servitude for any African American who loitered, remained unemployed, drunk, or in debt. 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The Party’s political origins were in Maoism, Marxism, and the radical militant ideals of Malcolm X and Che Guevara. From the doctrines of Maoism they saw the role of their Party as the frontline of the revolution and worked to establish a unified alliance, while from Marxism they addressed the capitalist economic system, and exemplified

Measuring Effectiveness of Customer Relationship...

Measuring Effectiveness of Customer Relationship Management strategies in achieving customer loyalty A Case Based Study of Nandos UK (Kings Cross Branch) Introduction:Businesses has grown on fast pace in last few decades. This rapid growth in business ha snot only increased the competition but also provided the customers to choose from the products .increased competition and market uncertainty has left organization to think the ways to retain and attract more and more customers. Wining the heats and minds of customers is now the ultimate goals of much organization to earn profitability. (Kicaid, 2003) It is because organizations know a satisfied customer can refer many new customers to them with no cost of marketing. Customer†¦show more content†¦It is anticipated that the possible outcome of the proposed study will create a positive business environment by enhancing customer satisfaction and creating further customer service improvement activities and achieving customer loyalty. Academic: The area of the proposed research is CRM. It is an information technology industry term for methodologies and software. This term is used as methodology in IT and software technology, all customer relationship is dealt with the help of internet in an organised way by the enterprise. Using the proposed methodology or looking at it critically might be helpful for students doing research in the similar fields in the future. Literature review: This chapter consist of theories, ideas and concept of different authors, which will support the consider topic, because CRM is very important for the attraction of customer towards organisation. If CRM of the company is improve, then more customers will come as compare to the other competitors. By this way the relationship between organisation and customers maintain. We can say that CRM is the important factor of customer relationship. â€Å"That CRM is the key to strategic competition needed to keep the focus on customer needs and for a face to face with the customers throughout the organization† (Lin and Su, 2003) Different authors define CRM with different way, in which some haveShow MoreRelatedImproving Customer Loyalty And Brand Image Essay1258 Words   |  6 Pagesintegrate the aspects of quality and strategy. According to the words of Peter (2012), most of the healthcare organizations are using different tools for promoting the health care quality in a productive way . If medical supply business failed to provide quality medical equipment services to the individuals it would directly affect the operations (Gupta 2016, p.56). 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Terrorism And Human Rights Abuses Free Essays

Terrorism and Human Rights Abuses in the Balkans, Eastern Europe and the Persian Gulf The Balkans, despite being a relatively small area, is home to an expansive assortment of nationalities, cultures and religions (Popescu, 2008). Hence, it is inevitable that any changes in the balance between them will have important political, social and economic consequences that will affect the entire region (Popescu, 2008). Terrorist groups took advantage of the instability brought about by the distrust of Balkan societies in their respective governments (Popescu, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Terrorism And Human Rights Abuses or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a result, they easily turned the region into a breeding ground for extremist and fundamentalist groups, as well as a â€Å"transit corridor† for missions in third countries (Popescu, 2008). The war in Bosnia-Herzegovina in the 1990s, for instance, originated from the desire of the Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) to establish an Islamic state (Popescu, 2008). They used Islam as a â€Å"nationalistic rhetoric,† equating the survival of their country with the restoration of Muslim national identity (Popescu, 2008). The Bosniaks were supported by Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Kuwait, Libya and Iran, providing them with weapons and soldiers (Popescu, 2008). From 1992 to 1995, 6,000 â€Å"Arab-Afghan† rebels came to the country to fight in the hostility (Popescu, 2008). After 9/11, majority of the charitable institutions in Bosnia-Herzegovina were investigated and closed down due to their alleged ties with terrorist organizations like the Al-Qaeda (Popescu, 2008). In March 2002, police raided the Bosanska Idealna Futura-BIF, a Sarajevo-based humanitarian organization (Popescu, 2008). They found military manuals, forged passports, weapons and personal correspondence between Osama bin Laden and BIF founder Enaam Mahmud Arnaout (Popescu, 2008). Human rights abuses by Persian Gulf nations (Saudi Arabia, Iraq, UAE, Kuwait, etc. ) and terrorist attacks against US interests were both intended to supress political opposition. Despite publicly denouncing â€Å"American imperialism,† the aforementioned countries are notorious for grossly violating the human rights of their citizens (Simbulan, 2002). Majority of political prisoners in the Persian gulf nations were detained for speaking out against corruption and totalitarianism in their respective countries (Simbulan, 2002). Prominent Omani playwright and human rights activist Abdullah Ryami was imprisoned on July 2005 for vocally criticizing the Omani government’s arrest and trial of 31 Omanis belonging to the Ibadi sect for allegedly plotting a coup (Human Rights Watch, 2005). At the time of his incarceration, he had no contact with his family or a legal counsel (Human Rights Watch, 2005). He was also banned from writing in newspapers and producing plays for television (Human Rights Watch, 2005). On December 2007, activists in Bahrain staged a series of demonstrations to â€Å"mark abuses by security forces during political unrest in the 1990s† (Human Rights Watch, 2008). Dozens of people were arrested in the violent dispersals that ensued, including opposition political activists who protested the Bahraini government’s repression of civil liberties (Human Rights Watch, 2008). In January 2008, detainees complained of being subjected to physical and sexual abuse by interrogators and jailers (Human Rights Watch, 2008). The prisoners’ request for independent physicians to examine the extent of their injuries was also denied (Human Rights Watch, 2008). The collapse of the Soviet Union contributed to terrorist activities in Eastern Europe by making its newly-formed republics more vulnerable to American military intervention (Howstuffworks, 2008). After the Soviet bloc fell, the US emerged as the world’s remaining superpower (Howstuffworks, 2008). The breakup of the Soviet Union granted the US easy access to its natural resources, particularly oil (Howstuffworks, 2008). The paragraph below summarized the region’s potential: Afghanistan occupies the central position in the U. S. strategy for the economic control of the oil and gas resources in the entire Middle East. The U. S. currently imports 51 per cent of its crude oil – 19. 5 million barrels daily. The Energy Information Administration estimates that by 2020, the U. S. will import 64 per cent of its crude – 25. 8 million barrels a day. Caspian region oil reserves might be the third largest in the world (after Western Siberia and the Persian Gulf) and, within the next 15 to 20 years, may be large enough to offset Persian Gulf oil. Caspian Sea oil and gas are not the only hydrocarbon deposits in the region. Turkmenistan’s Karakum Desert holds the world’s third largest gas reserves – three trillion cubic meters – and has six billion barrels of estimated oil reserves. Current estimates indicate that, in addition to huge gas deposits, the Caspian basin may hold as much as 200 billion barrels of oil – 33 times the estimated holdings of Alaska’s North Slope and a current value of $4 trillion. It is enough to meet the U. S. ‘ energy needs for 30 years or more (Yechury, 2001). Hence, it was no longer surprising if the US declared war against the Taliban regime of Afghanistan. But majority of the extremist and terrorist groups in the former Soviet Bloc and in Eastern Europe are allied with the Taliban, as the Taliban provided them with weapons, training and manpower (Godoy, 2001). Therefore, the US will have to face a bigger threat of terrorism in Eastern Europe. References __________. (2002, October). The Oil Equation in the US Bid against Iraq. Education for Development, 1, 15-16. Capdevila, G. (2002, October). Outgoing UN Human Rights Chief Repeats Criticisms against US. Education for Development, 1, 30-31. Deen, T. (2002, October). UN Credibility at Stake over Iraq, Warn Diplomats. Education for Development, 1, 10-11. Godoy, J. (2001, November 15). US Policy Towards Taliban Influenced by Oil – Authors. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://www. commondreams. org/headlines01/1115-06. htm. Howstuffworks. (2008). The Fall of the Soviet Union and the Rise of Terrorism. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://history. howstuffworks. com/cold-war/the-cold-war-timeline4. htm. Human Rights Watch. (2005, July 18). Oman: Critics Subjected to Injustices They Had Exposed. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://hrw. org/english/docs/2005/07/18/oman11343. htm. Human Rights Watch. (2008, January 21). Bahrain: Investigate Alleged Torture of Activists. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://hrw. org/english/docs/2008/01/21/bahrai17838. htm. Human Rights Watch. (2008, February 16). Bahrain: New Allegations of Detainee Abuse. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://hrw. org/english/docs/2008/02/16/bahrai18083. htm. Lobe, J. (2002, October). US Vision of Might and Right. Education for Development, 1, 3-5. Popescu, Teodora. (2008). Tackling Terrorism in the Balkans. PDF File. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from sparky. harvard. edu/kokkalis/GSW9/Popescu_paper. pdf. Simbulan, R. (2002, October). Why the UN Must Defend Iraq against the US War of Aggression. Education for Development, 1, 48-50. Yechury, Sitram. (2001). America, Oil and Afghanistan. Retrieved February 28, 2008 from http://www. hinduonnet. com/2001/10/13/stories/05132524. htm. How to cite Terrorism And Human Rights Abuses, Papers

Research Proposal on Branding Essay Example

Research Proposal on Branding Essay Branding is the process of the creation of the special symbol of a company, product or service which makes it famous and recognizable all over the world. A brand is a complex image of a company, the set of information which characterizes a certain product and makes it famous on the market. Branding is a wise strategy, which attracts clients and makes the product demanded. When a company produces a successful product or service, it starts to think about the ways of the improvement of its prestige and quality and advertises it in all possible ways. The experts who work on branding study the human psychology, personal preferences, the situation of supply and demand on the market, etc in order to create such a brand which would be accepted by the general public and be compatible on the market. A brand is a combination of an image, logo of a company, its acceptance among the consumers, etc. Very often experts say that a brand is an abstract thing, because if the person sees a brand, she has a certain image in her head and certain emotional attitude towards it. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Branding specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Branding specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Branding specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A brand is more than simple advertising or marketing. It is a complicated and professional creation of an image which touches upon the product, the lifestyle of the customers, fashion, popular culture, spots, etc. For example, one of the most famous brands is the brand of the Coca Cola Company which produces soft drinks, but the company is also associated with sports, mass culture and even a period of the human history. Branding is a special category in advertising and marketing which is supposed to improve the company’s and the product’s popularity on the market and increase the customer’s credit towards it. A branding research proposal is a serious attempts of students to complete a good paper which would explain the purpose of the research of the topic on branding, defining its major principles and controversial sides. The student is supposed to prove that branding is worth investigation and the research paper about it will make a considerable contribution into the development of the topic. It is quite difficult to prepare a research proposal possessing poor writing experience and one will not cope with the assignment without the assistance of the Internet and its free example research proposal on branding strategy prepared by the experienced writers. It is obvious that students require a piece of advice in order to understand the way of formatting and composition of the paper, its structure, methodology, literature, editing and other important moments and only a bright free sample research proposal on employer branding will be useful to clear up all these questions. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Branding topics. Your research paper proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy our professional research proposal writing service!

Australian Competition and Consumer Commission

Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Consumer Law Consumer protection laws are normally designed to make sure that fair competition exists and that truthful information is available in the marketplace. They are formed by the government to guarantee the rights of consumers. Such laws are always established to prevent businesses from engaging in fraud and other specified unfair practices which allows them to gain advantage over competitors in the market (Boya 1987, 279).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Australian Competition and Consumer Commission specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They are also designed to protect the weak and who are not able to take care of themselves (Department of Trade and Industry 2006, 3). The Australian Consumer Law is mostly derived from the provisions that had been previously provided in the Trade Practices Act of 1974 (Australasian Legal Information Institute2011). The Commonwealth Competition and Consumer Act of 2010 which bec ame operational in January 2011 replaced the 20 different consumer laws which had existed in the various territories and states within Australia. The Australian government aims to ensure fair trading legislation and consumer protection across all the jurisdictions in the country (Kelly 2010). The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) as well as the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC) are charged with the responsibility of enforcing the Australian Consumer Law (Consumer Affairs Victoria, 2007(a)). They are considered to be a sovereign power in Australia. When considering whether o not to begin enforcement action against a trader the provisions of the Trade Practices Act of 1974, the enforcement body has to consider instances of unfair trade practices or contract terms as provided for in the Act (Consumer Affairs Victoria 2007(b), 3). Defining goods and services The enforcement body which may be the national or the local enforcement body has to consi der whether or not the good or service in question is covered under the regulated goods and services in line with the Australian Consumer Law. According to the Commonwealth Competition and Consumer Act of 2010, a person is accorded the right to file for a complaint if he or she had obtained service(s) or good(s) as a consumer provided that the sum paid (payable) for the service(s) or good(s) is below $40,000 or as laid down in the agreement (Brody 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on consumer law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One is also taken to be a consumer if the good(s) or service(s) obtained are generally for consumption, personal or domestic use. Finally, one is considered to be a consumer if the good(s) comprise a vehicle or trailer that had been obtained primarily for use in the transportation of goods on public roads. Establishing whether the person is a consumer A consumer in this case is a person who obtains a good or service for the purpose of ownership or direct consumption, but not for other reasons such as resale, further manufacturing or production. On the other hand, according to the Act, a person is not considered to be a consumer if he or she obtained in order to re-supply. In addition, any person who acquires good(s) for the purpose of transforming it/them or for use in trade is not considered as a consumer (Averitt Lande 1997, 713). Transformation may mean production or manufacture process. Transforming could also mean repairing or treating some other good(s) or fixture on land. Thus, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has to establish that the person is a consumer before it enforces any proceeding. It has to determine whether according to the terms of the contract, the good(s) or service acquired was for direct consumption, was below $ 40,000 or if it is a vehicle, then its purpose was for doing transportation along public roads. This helps to determ ine whether the person is a consumer or not. However, the commission cannot enforce any proceedings in case the contract in question was an insurance cover or policy (Gans 2005, 40). According to Brody (2011) insurance contracts are exempted from the relief under the Australian Consumer laws. The Australian Commission Laws part 3, section 2 exempts some gas, electricity and telecommunication services from coverage (Brody 2010). These are covered by the Electricity Act of 2000 Gas Industry Act of 2001. General Protections Determining deceptive and misleading conducts The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission also has to establish whether or not the trader was engaged in misleading or deceptive conduct. Section 18 of the Australian Consumer Laws prohibits a business person or company involved in trade or commerce from engaging in any misleading or deceptive act (Consumer Action Law Centre 2008, 18).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Australian Competit ion and Consumer Commission specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although misleading and deceptive acts have not been defined in this Act or in other Acts that apply the same provisions, the general meaning is any conduct or act that comprises misrepresentation of any kind. The commission not only establishes that the business person, corporation or organization had set to deceive or mislead the consumer/buyer, but also investigates whether the person, business or corporation could have engaged in deceptive or misleading acts despite having acted reasonably or honestly (O’Shea Rickett 2006, 139). Since the deceptive and misleading conducts have not been defined by the courts, an objective test has to be conducted by the court or tribunal. This is done to come to a decision on whether the act was deceptive or misleading. This court or tribunal has to decide whether the action or behavior was likely to deceive or mislead the general public or a specific group of people whom the conduct was targeted at. The commission and the tribunal/court may consider silence as act of deceit or misleading conduct in certain circumstances. For example, the tribunal or court may hold that failure to disclose information to the general public or certain demographic population was misleading if it was deliberately withheld for the benefit of the trader or corporation. Establishing misrepresentations The Competition and Consumer Commission may also open up a case against a person or trader who makes unfounded claims about the future. The Commonwealth Competition and Consumer Act of 2010 prohibit any act of misrepresentation regarding future matters (Brody 2010). According to the Fair Trading Act of 1999, any person who makes claims regarding the future must provide reasonable basis for doing so; otherwise, it is considered as misleading (Victoria Consolidated Legislation 2011). This means that before the commission institutes a legal ac tion against such a person or organization, it has to inquire the validity of the source of the claim. It can only commence a legal action against the individual, organization or institution if the information or projection is not likely to mislead or deceive the general public or a section of the public.Advertising Looking for essay on consumer law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Before the commission institutes a legal proceeding against a person, organization or corporation accused of deceptive and misleading act based on exclusion clause, the commission, tribunal or court has to investigate and find out whether the allegations made express disclaimer, and exclude liability on the person or organization for making deceptive and misleading statements in the particular advertisement. If an advertisement which contains the disclaimer is found not to have originated from the trader or company, then the person or organization is not liable for the misleading information found in the advertisement. However, if claims are made against a person or organization concerning disclaimers which do not prevent the act from being deceptive or misleading, then legal proceedings are instituted for communicating misleading information to prospective customers (Brody 2010). The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission does not initiate an enforcement action against a tr ader if it is found out that the trader had engaged in puffery. Puffery is defined in the Australian Consumer Laws as claims which could be exaggerated or are enthusiastically expressed in advertisement made by a trader, organization or corporation to promote their products and services, even though it is obvious that what is claimed in the advertisement cannot be taken seriously. The courts have often held that puffery cannot be considered as deceptive or misleading act. A statement is taken as mere puffery if any logical or sound person would not take the message seriously or even consider acting upon it. Brody (2010) presents an example of â€Å"best ever† as among the advertisement sentences which are considered as puffery. This means that the commission has to establish whether the statement used by the trader to make the advertisement constitutes puffery or was misleading and deceptive. It is assumed that consumers have the common sense to judge statements which have be en exaggerated and does not represent the reality. As such, the commission does not enforce any action against a trader who applies such tactics in an advertisement; unless there is other instances in the advertisement which constitute deceptive or misleading conduct (Jenkin Sylvan 2007). The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has to consider whether the provisions of section 29 of the Act have been abused by the person, trader, organization or corporation before instituting a legal proceeding against the accused. Section 29 of the Act prohibits any individual, person or corporation from making false representation concerning various aspects of goods and services (Brody 2010). It is illegal according to the law to make any false representation as regards price, need, quality, standard, value, and desirability (Katy 2002, 277). It is also unlawful to provide false information regarding approval or affiliation of the product, service or company. False assurance on warranty , guarantee and the right to remedy or availability also constitute misrepresentation as defined in section 29 of the Act. The person, organization or corporation making the sales or production is prohibited from lying on the sponsorship details of the product, services or company, performance characteristics as well as uses of benefits that potential customers are to gain from the good(s) or service(s) (Consumer Action Law Centre 2008). Finally, a company or trader is not allowed to provide false information concerning the place of origin, history or the age of the product or that of the company manufacturing the product or providing the service. Section 30 of this Act further prohibits any misrepresentation concerning the sale or award of an interest in land. According to the provisions in the Australian Competition and Consumer Act, a person, organization or company should not make representation about a sponsorship or affiliation to a land that he/she does not own. The section f urther states that a person, organization or company is not allowed to make misleading or false representation as regards the location, price, and the details of interest in land, its characteristics and potential use, as well as, availability of facilities on it. Thus, the commission has to determine whether the allegations made constitute misrepresentation as defined in the Act or not, before instituting legal proceedings against the person or organization. Establishing unconscionable conducts The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has to determine whether the transaction constituted what is defined in the Act or interpreted by the courts as unconscionable conduct. The Act defines two types of acts which are considered as unconscionable. The first type is the unconscionable conduct as provided for in the â€Å"unwritten law† (Brody 2010). The Act prohibits a person, organization or company involved in trade or commerce from engaging in unconscionable conduct as described in the unwritten law. Such dealing may occur when unfair transaction or contract is made with a person with special disability. In that case therefore, the party that takes charge of the transaction or contract is not allowed to take unfair advantage of the disability of the person due to his or her disability or assume the disability situation (Consumer Action Law Centre 2004, 4). The commission institutes a legal proceeding against the trader or company if it is found that transaction or contract is very disadvantageous to the person with the disability. Unconscionable conduct consists of taking advantage of a person because of his or her age, sex, illiteracy, sickness as well as infirmity of mind (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission 2005, 2). Failure to provide explanation or assistance where necessary while making the transaction or contract also constitutes unconscionable conduct as is defined in the unwritten law. The commission also has to determine wheth er the contract or transaction process violates statutory unconscionability. Section 21 of the Act bars anybody or company involved in trade or commerce by supplying of goods or services from providing products or services to person in circumstances which constitute unconscionable conduct (Brody 2010). The commission or court has to establish the bargaining strength of each party involved and find out whether the consumer was made to fully understand the terms of contract or details of the transaction (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission 2009, 17). For the commission or court to begin a legal proceeding against the trader or company, the body also has to find out whether any unfair tactics or unwarranted influence were applied on the consumer (Consumer Affairs Victoria 2006, 15). In some instances, the consumer may be required to comply with the conditions stated by the supplier or trader, but it may not disadvantage the consumer. Thus, the commission or court has to anal yze the instance to be able to conclude whether the process is unconscionable under statutory law or not. In some cases, the product or service could have been acquired from a third party provider meaning that the trader or company may not be responsible for the terms of the dealing. It has to investigate matters leading to the formalization of the contract or transaction. Establishing unfair contract terms Finally, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has to consider whether the terms of the contract or transaction constituted unfair contract terms as defined in the constitution. A contract term is taken to be unfair if it leads to considerable imbalance in the rights of the parties involved in the contract or causes financial or non-financial disadvantage to the consumer involved in the contract (Consumer Affairs Victoria, 2008, 3; Hugh 1999, 73). It may not necessarily protect the legal interests of the company or supplier. Therefore, the commission must establish the transparency of the terms of the contract before instituting a legal proceeding against the trader, supplier or company (Geraint 1997, 257). Generally, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has to consider various factors which include whether the person (complainant) is a consumer or not, whether the good(s) or service(s) in question are covered and the consumer laws or not. After ascertaining that, it can then establish conducts in the contract or transaction process which violate consumer laws before instituting legal proceeding against the trader or company. Specific Protections False or misleading representations about goods or services When selling or advertising products, businesses should not provide misleading or false information that the good in question is of a given value, grade, standard, model, or style. For example, in 1975, Sharp Corporation made the false claim that the Standards of Australia had tested and approved every sharp microwave. According to the court’s decision, this was a false representation and as a result, a fine of $ 100,000 was imposed on Sharp (Australian Consumer Law 2011). Bait advertising A business is said to take part in bait advertising when it rues consumer to buy a certain product by offering an attractive price in full knowledge that the product in question has the likelihood of running out of stock (Australian Consumer Law 2011). In 2005, an investigation of Repco by ACCC revealed that the company had been involved in bait advertising for some products that had run out of stock. Wrongly accepting payment Businesses are prohibited from receiving payment from buyers if they have no intention of supplying them with the products within the specified time. For example, in 1981, World Travel Headquarters received a tour booking to Singapore from a client in the full knowledge that the tour had been changed form a 2-day trip to an overnight trip (Australian Consumer Law 2011). According to the deci sion made by the court, WTH had disobeyed the ban by accepting payment with the intention of supplying the service. Inertia selling Inertia selling involves spontaneously sending goods to an individual after which one coerces the individual to make payment for the goods. Businesses are prohibited from engaging in Inertia selling (Australian Consumer Law 2011). In addition, a person does not have to pay for an unsolicited good. Pyramid schemes This is a form of product distribution scheme in which participants earn a commission or profit once they have sold a product to a buyer. In addition, participants are encouraged to recruit other participants and for their efforts, they earn a commission as well. The more participants one introduces, the larger the commission. Contingent referral selling It involves giving buyers a commission, rebate or other benefits by a business so that the buyer can give the business constant details for other buyers. The ACL does not prohibit referral sell ing (Australian Consumer Law 2011). However, businesses are forbidden from participating in continent referral for later events, like referral for the purchase of products. Consumer transactions ACL intimately controls unwelcome consumer agreements, implying certain guarantee, and enforces certain minimum requirements with regard to the established agreements. Consumer guarantees The ACL endeavors to protect consumers by implying certain guarantees. In the case the consumer is being supplied with goods, the guarantees entails the ownership of the goods shall be passed on to consumers, that the consumer shall posses the goods wholly, and that the quality of such goods is acceptable (Australian Consumer Law 2011). In addition, the consumer should be guaranteed of goods that are in line with their descriptions. Unsolicited consumer agreements This agreement entails the supply of services or goods of approximately $ 100. Such an agreement is unsolicited conducted over the phone outside the business premises and over (Australian Consumer Law 2011). The consumer has also not received any invitation from the seller to negotiate over the supply of the goods or services. Evidence of transactions When a consumer orders for goods or service, he/she is at liberty to obtain evidence of the ensuing transaction. This is mandatory for transactions exceeding $ 75. The consumer can also request for proof of transaction for goods and services below this amount. Safety of consumer goods ACL Part 3-3 is charged with the responsibility of controlling consumer products. Product safety standards The ACL support the establishment of product safety standards. As a result of these standards, businesses are supposed to fulfill certain requirements regarding composition, contents, performance, design, and packaging (Australian Consumer Law 2011). The requirements also take into account testing of consumer goods, as well as the content and form of warning instructions, and markings on cons umer goods. Bans The ACL issues interim bans products and services that may cause injury to consumers. Interim bans should end after 60 days but can be extended (Australian Consumer Law 2011). The ACL prohibits businesses from selling products and services capable of injuring consumers, and which have received a permanent or interim ban. Recalls The ACL can recall goods failing to comply with the established product safety standard and which are capable of causing injury (Australian Consumer Law 2011). Once issues with a notice, businesses are required to recall products at once, and at the same time, inform the public of the defect and potential risk associated with the use of such products and services. Reference List Australian Competition and Consumer Commission 2009, Debt collection practices in Australia: Summary of stakeholder consultation, asic.gov.au/asic/pdflib.nsf/LookupByFileName/REP155-debt-collection-report.pdf/$file/REP155-debt-collection-report.pdf Australian Competi tion and Consumer Commission 2005, Don’t take advantage of disadvantage: A compliance guide for businesses dealing with disadvantaged or vulnerable consumers, accc.gov.au/content/item.phtml?itemId=704340nodeId=a372b4f5e79 c8e75c25a6e22999bfeebfn=BS%20Dont%20take%20advantage%20.pdf Australian Consumer Law 2011, Australian Consumer Law Update, nt.gov.au/justice/consaffairs/documents/Australianconsumerlaw update 4_2011.pdf Australasian Legal Information Institute 2011, Competition and Consumer Act 2010: Schedule 2, austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/caca2010265/sch2.html Averitt, N W Lande, R H 1997, ‘Consumer sovereignty: A unified theory of antitrust and consumer protection law’, Antitrust Law Journal, vol. 65, pp. 713. Boya, U O 1987, ‘Consumer usage of unit pricing’, Journal of Consumer Studies and Home Economics, vol. 13, No. 1, p. 279. Brody, G 2010, Australian consumer law. The Law Handbook, lawhandbook.org.au/handbook/ch12s03s01.php Consume r Action Law Centre 2008,The consumer protection provisions Part V of the Trade Practices Act of 1974: Keeping Australia up to date, consumeraction.org.au/downloads/PtVProjectReport.pdf Consumer Affairs Victoria 2008, Application of unfair contract terms legislation to consumer credit contracts: Consultation paper, consumeraction.org.au/downloads/Submissiononapplicationof unfaircontracttermstocreditcardcontracts.pdf Consumer Affairs Victoria 2007a, Preventing unfair terms in consumer contracts:  Guidelines on unfair terms in consumer contracts, Consumer Affairs Victoria, Melbourne. Consumer Action Law Centre 2007b, Submission to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into Australia’s Consumer Policy Framework, consumeraction.org.au/downloads/ConsumerActionSubmissionto ProductivityCommission22June07Final.pdf Consumer Affairs Victoria 2006,The report of the consumer credit review, consumer.vic.gov.au/ca256902000fe154/lookup/cav_review_submissions3/$file/14cclsandclcvcrreportsub mission.pdf Consumer Affairs Victoria 2004, Discussion paper: What do we mean by vulnerable and disadvantaged consumers?, consumer.vic.gov.au/CA256902000FE154/Lookup/CAV_Publications _Reports_and_Guidelines/$file/vulnerabledisadvantaged.pdf Department of Trade and Industry 2006, Representative actions in consumer protection legislation: Consultation, bis.gov.uk/files/file31886.pdf Gans, J S 2005, ‘Protecting consumers by protecting competition: Does behavioural economics support this contention?’, Competition Consumer Law Journal, vol.13, No. 40. Geraint H 1997, ‘Seeking social justice for poor consumers in credit markets. In Iain Ramsay (ed).Consumer law in the global economy’, National and international dimensions, vol. 257. Hugh, C 1999, Regulating contracts, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Jenkin, M Sylvan, L 2007, Consumers and competition: Makingpolicies that work together. Presentation to the National Consumer Congress, Melbourne 15 March 2007, t reasury.gov.au/ncc/content/congress_proceedings.asp Katy, B 2002, ‘The uneasy position of unjust enrichment after Roxborough v Rothmans’, vol. 277, no. 23. Kelly, J 2010, ‘Shoppers and parents among those to benefit from law changes at midnight’, The Australian, 25 November, theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/shoppers-and-parents-among-those-to-benefit-from-law-changes-at-midnight/story-fn59niix-1225979359030 O’Shea, P Rickett, C 2006, ‘In defence of consumer law: The resolution of consumer disputes’, Sydney Law Review, vol. 28, n. 1, p. 139. Victoria Consolidated Legislation 2011,Fair Trading Act 1999, austlii.edu.au/au/legis/vic/consol_act/fta1999117/

Fingers and Fingering

Fingers and Fingering Fingers and Fingering Fingers and Fingering By Maeve Maddox Because of their daily familiarity, body parts contribute to the language far beyond their literal uses. Finger is an especially rich source of expressions. There are the literal uses: ring finger, index finger, middle finger, little finger, and forefinger. The earliest use of finger as a verb (1450) was with the meaning â€Å"to point.† The sense â€Å"to touch with the fingers† dates from 1590. Because of the long, thin shape of a finger, the word is used for anything long and thin: The campground lies nestled on  a finger of land between  the banks of the Alabama River and Isaac Creek. Kids  will love this homemade version of  fish fingers. (small elongated breaded fillets of fish). Ladyfingers, also called sponge fingers are low density, dry, egg-based and sweet sponge biscuits  roughly shaped like a large finger. Idioms with finger: to lay a finger on someone (to harm) He was crying, but I never laid a finger on him. to finger (to incriminate) When these suspects were picked up they  fingered other  accomplices. to lift a finger (to make an effort to help) Melissa never lifts a finger around the house  unless I ask her. to raise a finger against (to offer violence against) Kostia Petrovitch  never raised a finger against his  children.   to cross one’s fingers (to trust to luck) As for Theresa,  her  way was to  cross her fingers  and fervently pray. to burn one’s fingers (to suffer financial losses) The young Benjamin Disraeli  burned his fingers  so badly on Mexican and South  American mining shares in 1824-5 that his financial affairs remained encumbered for almost the rest of his life. to point an accusing finger (to point with the forefinger as a gesture of blame) Randy Meadows pointed an  accusing finger  at  the defendant  and offered damning evidence against him. to make a slip of the finger (to make an unintentional movement of the finger) In the world of internet banking millions of electronic payments are made every day, but make one slip of the finger and you could end up sending a payment to the wrong account. to put one’s finger on a problem (to identify the crux of a matter) Voltaire put his finger on the problem when he said, â€Å"The secret to being a bore is to tell everything.†Ã‚   a finger of Scotch or other liquid (a unit of measurement approximately the width of an adult finger) Marcus rose and went to the sideboard,  pouring  three healthy  fingers of scotch  into two glasses. a wag of the finger (a gesture or statement of reprimand) Literally, the â€Å"finger wag† is the action of reprimanding or warning someone by moving the forefinger from side to side. Basketball player Dikembe Mutombo was noted for wagging his finger as a warning to opponents that they would not score against him. In a segment called â€Å"Tip of the Hat and Wag of the Finger,† comedian Stephen Colbert offered praise and censure on topics in the news. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Mostly Small But Expressive InterjectionsHang, Hung, Hanged50 Plain-Language Substitutions for Wordy Phrases

Nursing Informatics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing Informatics - Essay Example Susan J. Grobe. The two are known for their contributions in health information technology and nursing informatics education and science. Both Dr. Thede and Dr. Grobe used the term health informatics to refer to the practice of informatics and applied research across public and clinical health domain. These pioneers developed the techniques and methods that are very relevant across major application areas in clinical and public health that aided the advancement of nursing practice. Some of the contributions of these two pioneers included the development of clinical research informatics, translational bioinformatics, consumer health informatics, clinical informatics, and public health informatics; all of which have greatly influenced nursing practice in terms of efficiency and effectiveness (Calvin, 2009) The two pioneers have made individual accomplishment in nursing informatics. For example, Dr. Linda Q. Thede participated in various committees in Kent State University implementing and studying computer uses in nursing practice and distance education to nursing practitioners. Dr. Linda Q. Thede also taught nursing informatics and assisted the faculty in applying information technology to clinical health and nursing records. Dr. Thede is currently the editor of Computer Informatics Nursing Plus. Her contributions to nursing practice have advance the storage of medical records and nursing practice. She authored two Nursing and Informatics editions. She regularly recommends nursing informatics to practitioners through her Informatics column in OJIN. Dr. Susan J. Grobe too has made considerable individual accomplishment in nursing informatics (Bonnie, 2001). Dr. Susan J. Grobe is recognized for her major contributions to nursing informatics science and education. She was the first to host a conference of national continuing education on Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) at The University of Texas. With the financial aid from USDHHS, the Division of Nursing and L ippincott JB, Dr. Susan J. Grobe developed the module of Nursing Education Authority System (NEMAS): a software program used in creating Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) modules on nursing process. Progressively with more funding from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) and the National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR), Dr. Grobe developed the Nursing Intervention Lexicon and Taxonomy (NILT). She also studied automated classification of nursing interventions. She is also recognized for the following: first of two nurse fellows that were elected to the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI); the very first nurse to host for the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Nursing Informatics Symposia; and the first nurse to be invited to serve on the NLM Board of Scientific Counselors. A lot of contribution to nursing informatics can be noted in her publications which are very extensive in educational and scientific journals. Dr. Susan J. Grobe also authore d Computer Primer and Resource Guides for Nurses (1984), one of the first computer books for nurses (Alla, 2008). Generally, the two nursing informati

MULTINATIONAL CORP-EVOL & CUR ISSUE Movie Review - 1

MULTINATIONAL CORP-EVOL & CUR ISSUE - Movie Review Example The country’s policy maker on financial and economic matters, the Fed has adopted lax standards as pertains to trade and lending standards. The Fed had adopted a policy that would stir activity in the economy by increasing the leverage ratios for commercial banks and other financial institutions. The Banks took advantage of this policy by borrowing capital in bulk and use the capital to create massive amounts in subprime loans (Barnett). This made mortgages very affordable and many citizens opted to build or buy their house on a mortgage(s). The amount of household debt in the United States quadrupled by the time the housing bubble burst. In a bid to clamp down on the rogue nature of banks and avoid the housing debt from growing any further, the Fed tightened its policy on the banks’ leverage ratios. This adjustment would cause the commercial banks to increase the cost of financing mortgages. This proved to be a challenge for many Americans as the new repayment stipulations increased the cost of the mortgage by over 100%. Huge defaulters in payments had their property repossessed causing the burst of the housing bubble. This bubble was mainly triggered by the increase in disposable income for savings. During the 2000 to 2007 period, there was a great increase and growth in the global fixed income securities. This increase in disposable income encouraged the development of economic bubbles all over the world. As these factors came into play, each bubble burst one after the other as such a business model is not sustainable over time. This led to the overall decrease in the value of assets. When the fall in value occurred, most banks opted to cut back on lending leading to the credit crunch. This caused a general inability of consumers and governments to borrow stifling investment and consumption. This led to the general decrease in business for companies and corporates as demand considerably decreased (United States Financial Inquiry

Theories of Depression

Theories of Depression Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental process (Rathus 4). By looking at mood disorders in psychology we can see that major depression has affected more than 15 million American adults, about 6.7% of the U.S. population age 18 and older in the year 2016 (Anxiety and Depression Associatin of America). There are generally two types of mood disorders; depression and bipolar disorder. Depression mostly involves feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt, and great sadness. According to the DSM-IV, an individual needs to be diagnosed with five or more of nine symptoms in order to be declared depressed. Persistent depressed mood for most of the day, loss of interest or pleasure in all, or almost all activities, significant weight loss or gain due to changes in appetite, sleeping more or less than usual, speeding up or slowing down of physical and emotional reactions, fatigue or loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or unfolded guilt, reduced ability to concentrate or make meaningful decisions, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. Also, the individual must have at least one of the first two symptoms with their five total symptoms to be considered depressed (Rathus 423). According to the DSM-V, there are quite a few types of depression that an individual can experience. The primary example of depression is Major Depression; this can also be known as Chronic Major depression, and or Unipolar Depression. Some symptoms may include persistent anxious, sadness or an empty mood thought the day, feelings of pessimism or hopelessness, irritability and or sudden angry outburst, persistent certain physical symptoms that may not respond to treatments, loss of interest in all or all most all activities that can include sex, decrease in energy, changes in sleeping or eating habits that can result to over or under sleeping and weight loss or gain. Dysthymia is the secondary type of depression mentioned in the DSM-V. This is an overwhelmed state of a chronic state of depression, that was again explained; feelings of a depressed mood for most of the day but must be for at least two years. When an individual experiences dysthymia; he or she may show symptoms of appet ite or weight changes, feelings of fatigue and helplessness, low self-esteem, changes in sleep, and poor ability to concentrate or make meaningful decisions. SAD or Seasonal Affective Disorder has also been mentioned in the DSM-V. This is most common in the harsh winters where there is little light for the body to secrete certain hormones for the body to function properly. The best solutions to aid this problem is to have artificial sun light projected to the individual or either go to a tanning salon. The tanning salon also used artificial sunlight to tan the skin or change the pigment within the skin (American Psychiatric Association). Depression has supporting evidence in both sides of the Nature and Nurture Debate. Biologically, the thyroid gland can affect an individuals depression state. Depending of the amount of certain hormones produced in the thyroid gland, a person may show signs of the nine symptoms described by DSM-IV. Some hormones that may affect an individuals depression state are thyroid stimulating hormones, triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Have too much or too little of these hormones may result in a few conditions such as, sleep disturbances, weight loss or gain, trainability or nervousness, fatigue, forgetfulness, inability to tolerate heat or the cold, and dry skin or hair (WebMD).ÂÂ   Also, disorders such as depression and anxiety have the tendency to occur more often in close relatives of affected individuals than they do in the general population. Between 20 and 25 percent of people who is affected with mood disorders have a family member who is affected by a similar disorder. On the side of the nurture debate, the physiocratic view of depression is that same people are prone to depression because they suffered a real or imagined loss of a loved object or person in childhood. Some learning theorists believe that learned helplessness makes people prone to depression. This was demonstrated by a psychologist named Martian Seligman when he conducted an experiment on dogs. The dogs were taught that they were hopeless to escape from electric shock. First, he placed a barrier in the dogs cage to prevent them from leaving when shocks were administered. Later the barrier was removed. However, hen shocks ere again administered, the dogs made no effort to escape. They had learned there was nothing to do to stop the pain (Rathus 424, 425). In the field of psychology, there are many types of theories for different subjects. Depression has many theories which have different implications for the therapy that is used to treat it. Directly and indirectly, the social environment plays a role in depression. Three examples of depression theories are rank theory of depression, Psychodynamic theory of depression and Becks cognitive theory of depression. Theories are used to help treat depression and for an example for each, a female named Sam. The first example used in Wades example would be rank theory depression. Sam made many friends in High School and was well-known throughout school. She would have a major position in the student council and would be the captain and the star player of two major sports teams. As Sam would walk through the hallways, she would find pleasure in being greeted. Sam would be excited over the thought of going to college and having the opportunities of interacting with a new group of people. However , when in college, the idea of instantaneous social acceptance would not be a reality. Starting from the bottom of the social hierarchy, Sam could not begin to understand or accept her new social position and became frustrated and angry; later towards the end of her first semester she would feel depressed. By applying the social rank theory, phycologists may now begin to determine why Sam is depressed. According to Stevens and Price, when organisms are demoted to a lower social rank, they will become depressed in order to accept this fact and reduce their desire to get back on top (Stevens A.). This is an evolutionary function and is designed to avoid conflict between the new and old leaders (Stevens A.). Her treatment should be focused on Rational Emotive Therapy which teaches her that being a leader can be irrational (Wade). The next theory, presented by Sigmoid Freud; is psychodynamic theory of depression which states that depression is a result from anger from imbalanced cognitions and behavior in childhood. To present this theory say for example Sam grew up in a strictly Catholic household that prided on being perfect. Sam has a loving and overprotective mother and a father who overbearing and abusive. However, Sam only displaces positive emotions to her parents and becomes confused on the child. She cannot be angry at her parents because they are essential for survival and she wants to please her parents, but is unable to do so. So instead of being angry at her parents she directs the anger inwards towards herself, this happens unconsciously according to Freud. The treatment based off of the psychodynamic theory would need the Sam to decrease her self-punishment and allow her to understand that it is okay to not be perfect (Wade). Instead of feeling disappointed that she is not perfect, she should ha ve the mind set to work towards perfection; perfection is non-existent. Setting small goals may also help her but only if she allows herself to feel accomplished. Lastly, Becks cognitive theory of depression states that the primary cause of depression is through negative thoughts (Rashmi Nemade). First off, what is cognitive psychology? It is the study of mental processes such as, memory, language, perception, creativity, thinking, attention and problem solving (Wikipedia). Going back to Sam, she thinks that she would never be able to please her parents and that she would be stuck in her social position for the rest of her college career. No matter how much effort Sam put into her activities she would never succeed. Sam is also homosexual and her parents do not accept her because of it. She feels that her future would compromise of either being untrue to herself or defying her parents. There are three thoughts that result in her depression: belief that all efforts are futile, no hope for the future and feeling inadequate. During her therapy sessions, she would be taught to view failures as challenges that are possible to overcome and she needs to know that she is in control of her lifes course (Wade). Sam would have adopted an enchasing attribution to her problems that would enable her to feel hopeful about her efforts and the future (Schneider). References American Psychiatric Association. Diangnostic and statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. DSM-5. 2013. Anxiety and Depression Associatin of America. Anxiety and Depression. August 2016. . Rashmi Nemade, Natalie Staats Reiss, and Mark Dombeck. Cognitive Theories Of Major Depression Aaron Beck. 19 September 2007. . Rathus, Spencer A. Psychology Principles in Practice. Auston: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2003. 4. Schneider, F. W., Gruman, J. A., Coutts, L. M. Applied Social Psychology: Understanding and Addressing Social and Practical Problems. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2005. Stevens A., Price J. Evolutionary Psychiatry: A New Beginning. London: Routledge, 2000. Wade, Rebecca Michelle. Theories of Depression. 5 October 2011. . WebMD. Depression, the Thyroid, and Hormones. 2016. . Wikipedia. Cognitive Psychology. 2016. .